Akron Regional ITS Architecture (2022)

US: SAE Safety Awareness Messages - WAVE WSMP

Description

This solution is used within the U.S.. It combines standards associated with US: SAE Safety Awareness Messages with those for V–X: WAVE WSMP. The US: SAE Safety Awareness Messages standards include upper–layer standards required to implement V2V safety situation awareness information flows. The V–X: WAVE WSMP standards include lower–layer standards that support connectionless, near constant, ultra–low latency vehicle–to–any communications within ~300m using the WAVE Short Messaging Protocol (WSMP) over IEEE WAVE in the 5.9GHz spectrum. The broadcast mode is interoperable with M5 FNTP.

Includes Standards

Level	DocNum	FullName	Description
Mgmt	Addressed Elsewhere	Addressed Elsewhere in Stack	The services related to this portion of the stack are defined in the other standards listed for this solution.
Security	IEEE 1609.2	IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments – Security Services for Applications and Management Messages	This standard defines secure message formats and processing for use by Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) devices, including methods to secure WAVE management messages and methods to secure application messages. It also describes administrative functions necessary to support the core security functions.
Security	IEEE 1609.2a	IEEE 1609.2a–2017 – IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments––Security Services for Applications and Management Messages – Amendment 1	This standard defines secure message formats and processing for use by Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) devices, including methods to secure WAVE management messages and methods to secure application messages. It also describes administrative functions necessary to support the core security functions.
Security	IEEE 1609.2b	IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments––Security Services for Applications and Management Messages – Amendment 2––PDU Functional Types and Encryption Key Management	This standard defines secure message formats and processing for use by Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) devices, including methods to secure WAVE management messages and methods to secure application messages. It also describes administrative functions necessary to support the core security functions.
ITS Application Entity	SAE J2735	Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) Message Set Dictionary (TM)	This standard defines the data and messages for use in DSRC (i.e., V2V, V2I, and V2D) applications. The SAE J2945 series defines additional requirements on how to use these messages.
ITS Application Entity	SAE J2945/1	On–Board System Requirements for V2V Safety Communications	This standard specifies the system requirements for an on–board vehicle–to–vehicle (V2V) safety communications system for light vehicles, including standards profiles, functional requirements, and performance requirements.
ITS Application Entity	SAE J2945/2	DSRC Requirements for V2V Safety Awareness	This standard specifies the system requirements for V2V Safety Awareness applications, including the emergency vehicle alert (EVA), roadside alert (RSA), safety awareness – object (SAW–O), and safety awareness – adverse condition (SAW–A) applications.
Facilities	SAE J2945	Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) Systems Engineering Process Guidance for J2945/x Documents and Common Design Concepts	This standard defines cross–cutting material which applies to the J2945/x series including generic DSRC interface requirements and guidance on Systems Engineering (SE) content.
Facilities	SAE J2735	Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) Message Set Dictionary (TM)	This standard defines the data and messages for use in DSRC (i.e., V2V, V2I, and V2D) applications. The SAE J2945 series defines additional requirements on how to use these messages.
TransNet	IEEE 1609.3	IEEE Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) – Networking Services	This standard defines the network and transport layer options for the WAVE environment. The standard defines three options: a bandwidth efficient single–hop solution known as WSMP, UDP/IP, and TCP/IP. It has been harmonized with ISO FNTP and FSAP – a common message format specified in ISO 16460.
Access	IEEE 1609.4	IEEE Draft Standard for Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments – Multi–Channel Operation	This standard primarily defines the data link layer of the WAVE communications stack.
Access	IEEE 802.11	IEEE Draft Standard for Information technology––Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks––Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specificatio	This standard defines the physical and data link layers for wireless Ethernet, including WiFi and DSRC.
Access	ISO/IEC 8802–2	IEEE Standard for Information technology –– Telecommunications and information exchange between systems––Local and metropolitan area networks –– Specific requirements –– Part 2: Logical Link Control	ISO/IEC 8802–2 describes the logical link control (LLC) sublayer, which constitutes the top sublayer in the data link layer of the ISO 8802 Local Area Network Protocol (also known as IEEE 802.2).

Readiness: High–Moderate

Readiness Description

One significant or possibly a couple minor issues. For existing deployments, the chosen solution likely has identified security or management issues not addressed by the communications solution. Deployers should consider additional security measures, such as communications link and physical security as part of these solutions. They should also review the management issues to see if they are relevant to their deployment and would require mitigation. For new deployments, the deployment efforts should consider a path to addressing these issues as a part of their design activities. The solution does not by itself provide a fully secure implementation without additional work.

Issues

Issue	Severity	Description	Associated Standard	Associated Triple
Overlap of standards	Medium	Multiple standards have been developed to address this information and it is unclear which standard should be used to address this specific information flow.	Bundle: WAVE – Subnet	(All)
Uncertainty about trust revocation mechanism	Medium	The mechanisms used to prevent bad actors from sending authorized messages is unproven.	Bundle: IEEE 1609.2	(All)
Data not defined in standard format	Low	The definition of data concepts should conform to ISO 14817–1 to promote reuse among ITS.	SAE J2735 DSRC Message Set	(All)
Not a standard (minor)	Low	The document is publicly available and widely used but it is not currently a formal standard.	SAE J2945/2 V2V Safety Awareness	(All)

Supports Interfaces

Source	Destination	Flow
Commercial Vehicles	OTIC Maintenance and Construction Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
Commercial Vehicles	OTIC Public Service Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
Connected/Automated Vehicles	ODOT District 4 Maintenance Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
Connected/Automated Vehicles	OTIC Maintenance and Construction Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
Connected/Automated Vehicles	OTIC Public Service Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
ODOT District 4 Maintenance Vehicles	Connected/Automated Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
OTIC Maintenance and Construction Vehicles	Commercial Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
OTIC Maintenance and Construction Vehicles	Connected/Automated Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
OTIC Maintenance and Construction Vehicles	OTIC Public Service Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
OTIC Public Service Vehicles	Commercial Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
OTIC Public Service Vehicles	Connected/Automated Vehicles	vehicle hazard event
OTIC Public Service Vehicles	OTIC Maintenance and Construction Vehicles	vehicle hazard event